Improvement in clarionets



. description thereof, which will FigureB is a det-ail view of a sideof' :the same.

Figure 5 isga detail transverse section ""sarnesrmnmu' trie*presenten-Te ne eilig. 1.

. arrangement of keys, levers,

Vwith less diilioulty than the under the same name.

,to each of said keys being eine r effin* f ANTON Fairs-cir E,

O .F'NEW YORK, N.

Patent N0. 110,845, dated January 10, 1871.

mPRovsmstr-w cuinrousrs.

n nannten or u nm.

To all whomA it may concern:

4Be it known that I, ANTON Fsnscnn, ofthe city,'oounty, snd'State' ofNew York, have invented anew -and improved Olar'ionet'v and I do herebydeclare'that 4the following is a troll, clear, and exact enableothersskilled -in the art to 'make anduse the same, referencebeing hod'to theaccompanying drawingvforming part of this speoiiication,

in which- Figure lrepresents a face view of my improved clarionet.

Figure 2 is aback view of the same. I

portion of Athe right Figure 4 is n detal view of'a portion'lof the leiside of the same. h

vJrigure is .a detail transverse taken on the plane of the line y Figure7 isa detail transverse section of the same, teken on'- the p lane ofthe line es, iig. I. Similar letters-of reference indicate correspondingarts. P This invention has for itspbject to improve the and the workingmech- .the same may be played instruments now in use section ofthe same,y, iig. 1.

:mism on elarionets, so that The dlculties to be clrieily overcomeconsist in such aposition-of the keys onthe old instruments that thefingers -inust rit-times be rocked on the'inf .strument in order tochange from one key to another,

. which isaf. very tiresome movement.

`Also, in such an arrangement of keys-that certain trills or rapidchanges must be finger,- which is easily tired.

Also, in the insuilicient arrangement .of holes,

cannot be produced with clearwhereby certain sounds -nessand precisionMy invention consists in --the improvement or novel arrangement -of sixseveral keys, as hereinafter more 'fully-described, the apparatuspertaining a separate invention producing at the same time, byitsrconnection with the other devices, new combinations, as will be morefully explained in the several clauses of claim hereto attached. Y A inthe drawing represents the tubular body of the clarienet', made in withamouth-piece of suitable construction.

. a is the upper A-key.

produced by the little secured to the arbor a,

the ordinary or suitable manner,-

b, the upper A-at key arranged as usual.`

is the longtudinallever for opening the key-a, being also the shank towhich said key is dis the shank of the key bg. It is'securedtonlongitndinal rock-arbor c.

A spring concealed keep the key b closed.

B is a lever pivoted to theO tube A, and provided with an arm which isunder the shank ,'so that, by means of said lever B, the key b can beraised or opened.

It will be seen that the levers candB are near'together. They are' thusarranged on every'ordinary claronet. e j

When a frequent or rapid change is to be made fr'om A. to A-iiat thefirst linger must 'be rocked on thegtube A, to transfer the pressurerapidly 'omthe ,lever c to B, and vice versa.- This rocking motion is'extremely inconvenient and tiresome to the player, and cannot be kept upfor any length of time. I have therefore attempted to provide againstthe said diilculty by connecting the arbor o with other handles, wherebythe key b can be opened. The arbor e carries, in the rst place, aprojecting 'beneath the arbor s serves to handle, f,whereby it can berocked`to open the key t. But the arbor e carries also a projecting arm,g,- which fits under an .arm of a longitudinal lever, O. This lever ish'eld down upon the arm g by the same spring which holds the keybclosed. The is thrown out of action when the handle end 'of the lever Ois depressed; and another weaker-spring is, by such motion, liberated toswing the arbor e and open the key b. Whenever the lever O is releasedthe key b is immediately closed by the ilrst-narned spring.

.The ring h, above'. the B-hole, is, by its shank, also and has aprojecting ear, under the lever c.

Whenever the arbor a is swung by the aforesaid motion of the lever 0 tohold thekeybopen, the .ring h is `n lso raised, `and brings-its'ear isoclose under the lever c that, by rocking said lever c alone, both keys aand b can be played insuitablc succession, while-(in the same positionby pressing upon the ring h) the said ring and the key b can also-'beplayed in suitable order, as well as by merely rocking the lever O.

The ring j on the back offthe tube A. has also a projecting arm, k,fitting under the handle f of the arbor e, so that when, by the lever 0,the key bis opened, as aforesaid, the ring j can beplayed toirlternately play its hole and the key b.

By the application, therefore, of the lever 0 the old said springdifficulty et' rocking-the first finger is overcome, and

many addtional'advantagesfareat 'the' Sametime obf tained, whichheretofore-could never -be had.

Z is the A-hole'for the lower scale, and

in, the Ghhole, both having appropriate ringsin'tlie 1 f which. 1s an L-shaped .plate pisotedin ears g,n 1which,

ordinary manner. f

The shank u of the ring mis secured and turns with atubc, o, which istted loose upon `a longitudinal arbor, p, that ishung in ears projectingfrein the tube A.

' The' shank q of .the ring lis mounted upon a tube, fr, which is -itted.loosely around 'another -portion of the arbor 11.

for producing the nolps Adhd G. The deciency in theirarra'ngexnent'cbhsists iu the absence of an inter# mediate hole'or keyfor playing-a clear A-sharp, or, with the changing lever, a clear E-at.

In order to overcome this defect I have made the hole i sinn-ller thanusual, and have arranged another hele in line with it at the side of theinstrument, said hole being providedwith a-key, s.

The shank tof this key is pivoted by an arbor, u, which arbor has itsbearings'in ears 'u c that project from a loosc'tnbe, w, on the arbor p.

A spring, x,`holds the key s open. By touching and depressing the ringm, which, as lwell 'as the ring The two rings l mme, in' every ordinaryclarionet,

(i, is otherwise held open bya'spxing, the tube o-is turned and turns,by a clutch, y, which -is shown in 2, the arbor e, so that thesame will,by a projecting ear, which strikes a projecting ear of thetube w, turnthe latter tube and close the key s, while the tube lr will remainunmcved'by such action. On the other side, however, by depressing onlythe ring' l, the tube` r is turned, and is, by a projecting arm, causedto turn the tube wand close the key s without ihthe least a'ect-ing thetube o.

I am thus enabled either' to 'close the full opening f or A by closingthe hole' l and key s, ormerely onehalf of the same, by depressing thering an, or byvdirectly touching the shank tand only closing s, and tothereby obtain thc clearness of. tone and semitone re` quired. A

Between the Gr-rng m and the F-ringzof the clarionet is arranged Vtheordinary G-.sharp key, not shown. This key is arranged iu line with therings, so that it isplayed by the fourth linger, and, whenever rapidchanges are to be made from G-sharp to another note, the fourth lingermust be, rapidly playedan'dis son tired 'and useless. To prevent this Ihave arranged auadditional G-sharp key D'l at one side of theinstru-4nient, .and have connected it with the rings/m, and z and with athumb-slide, E, on the back of thetube A, so that it" can be operatedwithout .the use jof the fourth linger.4 v

The key D is pivoted by an arbor, al, whichhas a' projecting arm orcrank, b1, tl*at reaches' under the shanknoftheringm.

The spring, not shown, whichjholds the ring m' raised, cansesjhesbankinto' press on'the'crankb* and tends to open thesaine.

The ring z is pivoted -by an arbor, d,.'which"'has a projecting arm, el.The end of this arm el extends under one end'of a lever, f1, whose otherend lit-s over the key D, as shown. r

A concealed spring holds the ring z raised or open,

and the lever 1"l clear of -the closed key D. When lthe ring m ispressed down it releases the'arrnb, whichisat once thrown up by thespring c1, iig. 6, so that 'thereby the key D is opened. The open key Dlits close under the end of the lever'f. By then playing -the ring .cthe lever f1l will beoscillated, and the key D thereby played up anddown. Thus the fourth iinger is not. used for playing the Gsharp key D,as the -ring 'm is held down by the' third linger ofthe upperclosed-.key-D,

be.- openedby meansof theiring mnnless the slidev new hand and the ringz played by the first finger-of thc lowerv hand.

'In order, however, to dsengagethc ring z' from the key D,`whenever itisnot desired .to play said key D,

I have'arranged on'the'back of thetube A a slide, Il,

however, its projecting pivots hican slide.

The.thumbslide, for it'is operated by thethumb of the lower hand,-`carries or actuates a projecting or slidingcam, i1,'which, whenevertheslide is moved upward,`is' brought under the arm el, elevating thesaine." Thereby the lever f1 is brought upon the ocking the saine, sothat it will not .F is the' key for vplaying F-sharp; Its shank j1 isPivoted 1.30 3.11 MDOT, k', which is hung in `ears l, that project fromla tube, "m.

This latter tube .fits loosely upon a longitudinal ai.

bor, 'ngwhichfis hung to one side ofthe tube A.

The shank o'rof the 1li-ring p', is affixed to atube,

g', which alsoLtnrns .loose onthe arbor nl. The shank 'of the D-ring s'is aillxed to a tube, t', whichalsotrhs loose onthe arbor n.

'. Concealed springs serve to. mise the rings p and s', and also the keyF, 4holding thesame-open.

When the ring p is depressedit will turn the tube` g', and,- by aprojecting stop, also thetube fm', so as to close the 'key F, but notinterfere with-thc rings'.

When-therings'is depressed'it will 'turn the tube t, and, by aprojecting clutch, n', also the arbor n,

and, by an arm on Athe latter, the tube 'm1, so as to also close .thekey-1F, but not'interfere with the ringgl'.

The key F will thus, by'depressing'either oneor i both the rings p s',be 'closed andplayell', .which is a feature not heretofore possessedbyjclan'onets.

'y Gis thc-ordinary E-ilat lsey, applied to an arbor, n', which .has aprojecting.-han dle, w'-, in the usual n xanner.

lH is lthe ordinary O-key applied to an arbor, x', which'has aplaying-handle, y'. It will be seen that the' handles w and y arenear-together, to be played in rapid snccessionby thje fourth finger ofthe lower hand. But this motion tires said ingenand the passages to beplayed by it are therefore often avoided or reduced.

In order to overcome this objection, I-ha-ve n rrangedga'secon'd .E- atkey, I, atthe side of' the bos, g, which extends 'under the shanks of-the rings and sf, as shown,and which has a projecting crank, b, under'the shank Y, and another crank, undera l A spring tends to' openthe'keyI, but'the power of the springs which hold the. shanks r o', oreither, on

the cranksb c is snillcient to keepsaid key closed.'A to hold thefkey Dclosed, while a springe", lig. 6,'

Whenever the two rings p s' are both depressed,

. the cranks bz cz will be released, and the key I will be opened4 byits spring.

Such opening of the key I can, however, be prevented by -holding an arm,d, which projects from' the thumb-slide E against an arm, c2, of thecranks1 by so rocking the slide E on its pivots. This motion ofthe slideE will close the key I 'oy pressing against the crank cz, even if bothrings p s' are depressed.

f If, however, the arm d is kept oil' the'crark ci, the

key-I can be opened by joint action o.' p and s', as

aforesaid.

It must here be noticed that the rocking motion of the slide Edoes notvinterfere with the position of the arm e1 :ind-lever j, nor does thesliding motion ci' E interfere with the' position of the` armed' cr er.

When the crank c2 is not held down by the thumbslide, the rings 1)' swillbc very useful; singly played they will either of them close the keyIi, and not interfere with I, jointly played they will also close F but`open I, and can thus be used on both F and I at once.

The handle y of the key H is above a lever,'f2, which extends overanother crank, g, of the arbor ai. Whenever the key I is opened by therings p s', it

. can be closed without raising said rings by pressing upon the handley', which will also, and at the same time closefthe key When the rings11 s are not to be 'used for playing the E-at key I, the handle w canfbeemployed for playing the other E-at key G. f

In this manner a perfect connection is obtained from the key F cleardown to'H, and'with all the intermediate rings. This gives a perfectcommand over all the said parts of theinstrument, heretofore liever tobe had.

J is the ordinary lower B-key, secured to a jointed lever, h2, and heldopen by a concealed spring.

L is the ordinary I@sharp key, secured to a short lever, t'whieh has anarn1,j, projecting under the lever h.

' y The key L is held closed by means of a transverse lever, l, whichhas a handle, ni', and a concealed spring to close the said key L. Thehandle m, it will be seen, is near to and parallel with the handle'y'.

n isa longA lever pivoted to the case A, and fitted with its lower endunder the key L io open the same .individually whenever desired.

By pressing upon the handle mz the pressure on the key L is released,and the same is opened by a concealed spring under it.

Then the lever i. of the key Lis'brought under the influence of thelever h of the-key J, so that by playing h, J and L-will be alternatelycpenedand closed.

By leaving h undisturbed and playing at once non. the. handles m2 andy', the keys H and L, or H, I, and L, can at once be played.

The application of the lever l is therefore of great l importance, vasit gives further facilities for playing the named keys alone or inconjunction, while heretofore only the arms ai and It were in useto tireout the fourth finger 'of the upper hand.

3. The ring j, provided with the arm k, and cornbiued with the arm f ofthe arbor e, 'with the lever O and key l), substantially ashereinshown'and described.

4. The arbor e, provided with the projecting arm j; shank d, and ear g,to be thereby combined andconnected with the key b and lever C,substantially as herein shown and described.

5. Ihe additional key s, arranged in connection with the ring l, forproducing the full A' or A-sharp, as specified.

6. The combination of the rings lm and tubes 1" o with the tube w andkey s, all arranged to operate conjointly or separately, substantiallyas herein shown and described.

7. rIhe additional G-sharp key D, actu'ated by the F-ring z,substantially as herein shown and described, for relieving the fourthfinger, as specified.

1 8. The ring z, carrying the'arm el, and combined with the lever fl andkey D, to operate substantially as herein shown and described.

9. The combination of the ring m and its shank n with the key D, springc, and lever f1, for operating ,substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

10, The -rocking thumb-slideE, arranged on a clarionet substantially asand for the purpose herein shown and described.

11. The sliding cam' fi, operated by the thumb-slide E, and connectedwith the lever j'1 and arm l for locking the key l), as specified.

12.` The key F, connected with the tube, m1 and .combined with the ringsp and s', to be closed by either one of the same or by both, asspecified.A

13. The additional E-at key I, connected with the arbor a, which is helddown by the Shanks r' and o of the rings p s', substantiallyas hereinshown and described.

14. The arm d on the rocking thumb-slide E, arrnged as described, tohold the key I closed, as speci ed. I

15. The keys F and I, combined with the rings p' and s', and with theappendages of the same to be operated thereby, substantially in themanner herein shown and described.

16. Thelever f2, fitted under the handle y of' the key H, and combinedwith the arbor a? of the key 1,' i

to close said key I, substantially as specified.

. 17. The lever Zl and handle an, connected with the key L and lever i2to operate the said tially as herein shown and described.

18. The jointed lever h,conne'cted by the stop j with the lever t", toplaythe keys J and L in conjunction, substantially as .herein shown anddescribed.v 19. The keys I .an`d L, brought in 'close proximity by meansof the -handles y and m, with which they are combined, as set forth. j

20. 4The combination of the levers n and h with the key L, lever t" andlever I', all operating substantially as herein shown and described.

ANTON FRITSCHE..

keyysubstam Witnesses:

A. V..B1zrnsF.N, T. B'. Mosnnn.

